True / False / Not Given
What it is: You decide whether a statement matches the passage (True), contradicts it (False), or is simply not addressed (Not Given).
Tactic: False vs Not Given: False means the text says the opposite; Not Given means the text says nothing about it. Use only the passage, never your own knowledge. Words like «all», «most», «only», «never» often signal False.
Yes / No / Not Given
What it is: The same task, but testing the writer's opinion rather than facts.
Tactic: Hunt for opinion markers: «it seems likely», «arguably», «unfortunately». The question is about what the writer thinks, not about other people's views described in the text.
Matching headings
What it is: You choose a heading for each paragraph from a list. There are always more headings than paragraphs.
Tactic: Read the first and last sentence of the paragraph — the main idea usually lives there. Never pick a heading that only matches one detail; it has to cover the whole paragraph.
Matching information
What it is: You find which paragraph contains a given piece of information.
Tactic: These do not follow the passage order and eat the most time — leave them until last. Scan for the eye-catching words: names, dates, numbers.
Summary / sentence completion
What it is: You fill a gap in a summary or sentence with a word from the passage.
Tactic: Work out the part of speech first, then search. Keep the word exactly as the passage has it, and respect the limit: «ONE WORD ONLY» means one.
Multiple choice
What it is: One correct option out of four (sometimes two out of five).
Tactic: Delete the clearly wrong options first. Usually two remain and the difference is a single word — confirm that word in the passage.